Diplomova prace ma dve hlavni casti. Teoreticka cast je zamerena na vymezeni syndromu ADHD, etiologii, projevy, diagnostiku a moznosti lecby. Prace se dale zabyva ditetem s ADHD v rodine a zejmena vychovnymi zasadami. Posledni cast se venuje osobnosti Marie Montessori a specifiky jeji pedagogiky. Popsany jsou take principy, na kterych je Montessori pedagogika zalozena. Prakticka cast diplomove prace je tvorena kvalitativnim vyzkumnym setrenim. Byla pouzita metoda pozorovani, rozhovoru a analyzy dokumentace. Sledovan byl chlapec s diagnozou ADHD, ktery v dobe vyzkumu navstevoval 4. rocnik Montessori zakladni skoly.The diploma thesis has two main parts. The theoretical part is focused on the definition of ADHD syndrome, etiology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment options. Thesis also deals with a child with ADHD in the family and especially educational principles. The last part deals with the personality of Maria Montessori and the specifics of her pedagogy. The principles on which Montessori pedagogy is based are also described. The practical part of the diploma thesis consists of a qualitative research survey. The method of observation, interview and analysis of documentation was used. A boy diagnosed with ADHD was observed, who attended the 4th year of Montessori primary school at the time of the research.