Cílem této práce je vytvoření adekvátního překladu anglického odborného textu. Pro překlad byl vybrán příspěvek Martina Haspelmatha Against markedness (and what to replace it with). Teoretické pozadí práce vychází z jazykové typologie Vladimíra Skaličky (rozšířené o teorii Edwarda Sapira) a teorie formální a dynamické ekvivalence Eugena Nidy. Prostor je též věnován problematice překladu jako procesu a jednotlivým fázím překladatelovy práce. Specifika překladu z angličtiny do češtiny jsou rozebrána na jednotlivých jazykových rovinách (morfologické, syntaktické a textové) a ukázána na ilustrativních příkladech. Teorie je převedena do praxe v kapitole věnované charakteristice konkrétních typických rysů anglického odborného textu, kde jsou pro ilustraci použity příklady z vlastního překladu.The aim of this work is creating an adequate translation of an English technical text. For the translation we chose a paper written by Martin Haspelmath - Against markedness (and what to replace it with). The translation is accompanied with a commentary and necessary theoretical background. Martin Haspelmath is an important German linguist, whose research is focused primarily on linguistic typology. It was not a coincidence that we chose his paper for our translation. Several times we met various papers written by him in seminars during both Czech and English studies. We even had the chance to listen to one of his lectures delivered for FF UPOL. Theoretical background of this work is based on the theories of language typology, theory of translation, specifics of a translation from English to Czech. The last part covers characteristic of a technical style, which is supplemented by examples from our translation. The translation itself (as well as the source text) is attached at the end of this work in Appendices. Language typology seems to be only loosely related to our topic, but it's the exact opposite - it helps us to understand systemic differences between languages. We discuss Vladimír Skalička's and Edward Sapir's theories. The next section is dedicated to translation theory in general. It covers very briefly translatology as a field of study, translation as a process, and individual stages of translator's work. It is followed by a chapter on formal and dynamic equivalence, terms coined by Eugene Nida. Formal and dynamic equivalence define different approaches to translating, depending on the fact whether translator wants to preserve the formal structure or the message of the original text. Specifics of translating from English to Czech are shown on individual language levels (morphological, syntactical and textual plan) and demonstrated on examples. Most of these specifics are grounded in typological differences these two languages. Theory is made into practise in a chapter dedicated to characteristics of specific features of English technical style, with examples from our own translation. We also provide brief information about Martin Haspelmath.