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Crystal engineering
Title statement Crystal engineering : how molecules build solids / Jeffrey H. Williams. [elektronický zdroj] Publication San Rafael [California] (40 Oak Drive, San Rafael, CA, 94903, USA) : Morgan & Claypool Publishers, [2017] Distribution Bristol [England] (Temple Circus, Temple Way, Bristol BS1 6HG, UK) : IOP Publishing, [2017] Phys.des. 1 online resource (various pagings) : illustrations (some color). ISBN 9781681746258 (online) 9781681746272 mobi Edition [IOP release 3] IOP concise physics, ISSN 2053-2571 Note "Version: 20170901"--Title page verso. "A Morgan & Claypool publication as part of IOP Concise Physics"--Title page verso. Internal Bibliographies/Indexes Note Includes bibliographical references. Contents Preface -- Introduction : Crystal engineering -- 1. Holding things together -- 1.1. Covalent bonds -- 1.2. Ionic bonds -- 1.3. Comparison of ionic and covalent bonding -- 1.4. Non-bonding interactions -- 1.5. Hydrogen bonding -- 1.6. Hybrid atomic orbitals and the shape of molecules Content note 2. Intermolecular electrostatics -- 2.1. Two interacting molecules -- 2.2. Self-assembly. 3. The classification of crystals -- 3.1. The intimacy within solids -- 3.2. Crystallography -- 3.3. X-ray diffraction. 4. Non-bonded solids -- 4.1. Dispersion interactions -- 5. Ionic materials. 6. Materials with mixed bonding -- 6.1. Ruby -- 6.2. The crystal field in ruby -- 6.3. Calcite -- 6.4. Beryllium fluoride -- 6.5. Lithium niobate -- 6.6. Piezoelectricity. 7. Covalent solids -- 7.1. Nitrogen and carbon monoxide -- 7.2. Fullerenes -- 7.3. Alkali-metal fullerides and superconductivity. 8. Methane and other non-aromatic hydrocarbons : ethane, ethylene and acetylene -- 8.1. Disorder in organic crystals -- 8.2. Thermal diffuse scattering -- 8.3. Clathrates. 9. Giant covalent structures : diamond and graphite -- 9.1. The electrical properties of 2-dimensional arrays of carbon atoms. 10. Structural elements in covalent crystals -- 10.1. Packing aromatic molecules -- 10.2. Interacting bond dipole moments -- 10.3. Vibrational dynamics in organic crystals -- 10.4. Why crystals melt. 11. Solids formed from aromatic molecules -- 11.1. Benzene and benzene:hexafluorobenzene -- 11.2. Thermal expansion -- 11.3. Mesitylene:hexafluorobenzene 11-10 -- 11.4. To dimerize, or not to dimerize ... -- 11.5. S-Triazine -- 11.6. Naphthalene. 12. Supra-molecular chemistry -- 12.1. Metal-organic frameworks -- 12.2. Deoxyribonucleic acid -- 13. Final thoughts. Notes to Availability Přístup pouze pro oprávněné uživatele Note Způsob přístupu: World Wide Web.. Požadavky na systém: Adobe Acrobat Reader, EPUB reader, or Kindle reader. Another responsib. Morgan & Claypool Publishers, Institute of Physics (Great Britain), Subj. Headings Crystallography. * Crystal growth. * Molecular crystals. * Materials / States of matter. * TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING / Materials Science / General. Form, Genre elektronické knihy electronic books Country Kalifornie Language angličtina Document kind Electronic books URL Plný text pro studenty a zaměstnance UPOL 
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There are more than 20 million chemicals in the literature, with new materials being synthesized each week. Most of these molecules are stable, and the 3-dimensional arrangement of the atoms in the molecules, in the various solids may be determined by routine x-ray crystallography. When this is done, it is found that this vast range of molecules, with varying sizes and shapes can be accommodated by only a handful of solid structures. This limited number of architectures for the packing of molecules of all shapes and sizes, to maximize attractive intermolecular forces and minimizing repulsive intermolecular forces, allows us to develop simple models of what holds the molecules together in the solid. In this volume we look at the origin of the molecular architecture of crystals; a topic that is becoming increasingly important and is often termed, crystal engineering. Such studies are a means of predicting crystal structures, and of designing crystals with particular properties by manipulating the structure and interaction of large molecules. That is, creating new crystal architectures with desired physical characteristics in which the molecules pack together in particular architectures; a subject of particular interest to the pharmaceutical industry.
Preface -- Introduction : Crystal engineering -- 1. Holding things together -- 1.1. Covalent bonds -- 1.2. Ionic bonds -- 1.3. Comparison of ionic and covalent bonding -- 1.4. Non-bonding interactions -- 1.5. Hydrogen bonding -- 1.6. Hybrid atomic orbitals and the shape of molecules2. Intermolecular electrostatics -- 2.1. Two interacting molecules -- 2.2. Self-assembly3. The classification of crystals -- 3.1. The intimacy within solids -- 3.2. Crystallography -- 3.3. X-ray diffraction4. Non-bonded solids -- 4.1. Dispersion interactions -- 5. Ionic materials6. Materials with mixed bonding -- 6.1. Ruby -- 6.2. The crystal field in ruby -- 6.3. Calcite -- 6.4. Beryllium fluoride -- 6.5. Lithium niobate -- 6.6. Piezoelectricity7. Covalent solids -- 7.1. Nitrogen and carbon monoxide -- 7.2. Fullerenes -- 7.3. Alkali-metal fullerides and superconductivity8. Methane and other non-aromatic hydrocarbons : ethane, ethylene and acetylene -- 8.1. Disorder in organic crystals -- 8.2. Thermal diffuse scattering -- 8.3. Clathrates9. Giant covalent structures : diamond and graphite -- 9.1. The electrical properties of 2-dimensional arrays of carbon atoms10. Structural elements in covalent crystals -- 10.1. Packing aromatic molecules -- 10.2. Interacting bond dipole moments -- 10.3. Vibrational dynamics in organic crystals -- 10.4. Why crystals melt11. Solids formed from aromatic molecules -- 11.1. Benzene and benzene:hexafluorobenzene -- 11.2. Thermal expansion -- 11.3. Mesitylene:hexafluorobenzene 11-10 -- 11.4. To dimerize, or not to dimerize ... -- 11.5. S-Triazine -- 11.6. Naphthalene12. Supra-molecular chemistry -- 12.1. Metal-organic frameworks -- 12.2. Deoxyribonucleic acid -- 13. Final thoughts.
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