Práce zachycuje na základě srovnání vybraných učebnic proměnu obrazu dějin. Příslušné změny jsou demonstrovány na konkrétních příkladech klíčových historických postav a období českých dějin, přičemž se jedná o svatého Václava, Karla IV., Václava IV., Jana Husa spolu s husitstvím a Bílou horu. Použité učebnice pochází celkem ze tří časových etap. Jedná se o období od 50. let 19. století do konce Rakouska-Uherska, následuje první republika (1918?1938) a výběr uzavírá doba komunistické vlády (1948?1989). Cílem studie je tedy charakterizovat způsob, jakým jsou líčeny příslušné historické události, poukázat na odlišnosti i spojitosti v jejich výkladu napříč sledovaná časová období. Značnou roli hraje i přiblížení dobového kontextu, který má velký podíl na způsobu interpretace.Summary The aim of this thesis is to characterize the view of history according to how it is presented in various history textbooks in different periods ? since the 19th century until the time, when marxist theories started to be applied in the text. The thing is, the textbooks do not present the results of the historical research, but are influenced by current opinions on history, given by the editors to be transmitted to the readers. Without any doubt, we can say the history textbooks are much more influential on the society than the professional historical texts. That is why the textbooks became a useful tool for influencing the opinions of the people. The state used the textbooks as a support of his own ideology. The final version of the text was therefore a kind of mixture of the historical research, state ideology and the opinions of the author. As the current affairs changed, also the view on many topics in the textbooks went through many changes. To catch these changes and charecterize them is the aim of this work. I am particularly interested in the chosen personalities and periods of the Czech history, which are usually seen as the key ones. These are st.Wenceslaus, Charles IV., Wenceslaus IV., followed by the problematics of mistr John Hus and the husit period. The row is closed by the battle of Bílá hora. The inspiration and the most important material of this work is a large collection of the history textbooks in Komenský museum in Přerov. Because of the high number of the textbooks it was necessary to make a selection. The basic criteria used for the selection was diversity and distinctiveness of the presented opinions. The structure of the first three chapters corresponds with the concerned periods. The first is focused on the period between 1850s and the fall of the Habsburg monarchy. It is followed by a chapter concernig the first Czechoslovak Republic (1918?1938) and the final part is dedicated to the communist era (1948?1989). While comparing the textbooks I use the ?ideal type? method, which was introduced into sociology by Max Weber and Ferdinand Tönnies. The fourth chapter is crucial for the whole work, because it summarises the research. On its base I show the characteristic ways of interpretation of the concerned topics with the focus on the differences and in lesser extend the relations in the way of presenting them. Also the historical context is taken into concern, because it has a great influence on the interpretation. The change of the view can be seen with all of the focused personalities and events of the Czech history.