As renewable energy is lying at the heart of a country's sustainable development by providing an opportunity to transform societies and economies, this study aims to analyze the impact of the green energy projects on energy efficiency of Central Asian countries through the socioeconomic and environmental pillars of sustainable development. A full assessment of the potential and the key barriers to green energy development in the Central Asian region is conducted. The results of the study indicate that contributions of the evaluated case studies of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan have significant impact on many factors of sustainable development. The projects foster economic growth, improve the well-being of the local population, and have positive environmental impact in the countries.As renewable energy is lying at the heart of a country's sustainable development by providing an opportunity to transform societies and economies, this study aims to analyze the impact of the green energy projects on energy efficiency of Central Asian countries through the socioeconomic and environmental pillars of sustainable development. A full assessment of the potential and the key barriers to green energy development in the Central Asian region is conducted. The results of the study indicate that contributions of the evaluated case studies of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan have significant impact on many factors of sustainable development. The projects foster economic growth, improve the well-being of the local population, and have positive environmental impact in the countries.