This thesis deals with the effect of different pollution levels of soils with an accumulation of heavy metals by two plants. Fluvisols from the Morava river floodplain area are used. The soil samples are taken from three different localities (yearly, irregularly and rarely flooded). Homogenized sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant is artificially introduced into the samples. Two types of accumulative plants are used: the Rubina variety of Daucus carota and the Amulet variety of Hordeum vulgare. In the following analysis of changes in soil characteristics are observed, i.e., mainly the heavy metal concentrations of cadmium, lead, zinc, copper and nickel in soils before the experiment, after finishing each cycle and in the plants themselves. Analysis show exceedingly high levels of heavy metals in fluvisols with almost all elements, with the exception of lead. Zinc and nickel have the highest concentrations. The yield of both plants was influenced by the amount of applied sludge, with the same effect as a fertilizer. On the other hand the high sludge pH level partly limited introduction of most heavy metals into the plants. Total increases of heavy metals in the plants were monitored and evaluated by using transfer factors. They are compared at all locations including the differences between the controls and soil with the sludge, and total transfer factors focused on various elements. The research showed almost the same accumulation abilities of heavy metals except cadmium by both plants. As expected there is a higher accumulation potential in the root of D. carota and in the straw of H. vulgare.