Diplomová práca sa zaoberá dejinami Kongregácie Milosrdných sestier III. rádu sv. Františka pod ochranou Svätej Rodiny od nástupu totality do Pražskej jari. Po ukončení Druhej svetovej vojny kongregácia plne rozvinula svoju činnosť. Túto jej aktivitu postupne zabrzdil nástup komunistického režimu k moci a jeho opatrenia voči Cirkvi či rehoľným spoločnostiam. Vedenie kongregácie si uvedomovalo hrozbu režimu, preto vyslalo niekoľko sestier do zahraničia, aby tu založili novú filiálku, ktorá by mohla pokračovať v činnosti aj po prípadnom zrušení rehoľných spoločností u nás. Krátko na to štátne úrady jednu sestru určili k starostlivosti o biskupov v dobe ich internácie. Sestry nesúhlasili s totalitným režimom, preto sa nezúčastnili volieb v roku 1954. To malo za následok ich vyhnanie z nemocníc. Svoje nové uplatnenie našli v domovoch dôchodcov a ústavoch sociálnej starostlivosti. Tiež nasledovalo ich vysťahovanie z materinca v Brne do Lechovíc. Ale tieto zásahy proti našej kongregácii štátnym orgánom nestačili. Pre svoj jasne protikomunistický postoj sa ocitla celá generálna rada a miestne predstavené vo väzení a niektoré z nich v niekoľkoročnej internácii. Ku koncu sledovaného obdobia nútene strávil niekoľko rokov v našej filiálke na Žernůvke otec biskup Josef Skoupý, kde sa mu naše sestry snažili vytvoriť čo najlepšie podmienky. V období Pražskej jari nasledovalo čiastočné obnovenie činnosti kongregácie, založenie niekoľkých filiálok a prijímanie dorastu. Všetkému ale urobil koniec príchod vojsk Varšavskej zmluvy a postupný návrat k pomerom pred rokom 1968.This diploma work concerns of history of Mercy Sisters of III. Order of Saint Francis under the protection of Holy Family in the Communist Oppression Period. After the end of World War the second, congregation fully reestablishes her activities. But it was gradually prevented in progress by new communistic regime in the Czech Republic and his actions against the Catholic Church and hers religion orders. Management of congregation apprised menace of the regime and sent several sisters abroad to start a new house for them to work there assuming the religion orders in our country would be cancel. In a short time after state authority sent one sister to take care of our bishops in internment. Mercy Sisters didn?t agree with totalitarian regime, therefore didn?t participate national elections in 1954 year and on that account they were banished from the hospitals. New employment they find in the nursing homes for old people and handicapped youth. They were forced to leave their Motherhouse in Brno and move to Lechovice. But this crackdowns against our congregation weren?t enough. Because of the clear anticommunist attitude of the whole congregation was the whole management of the congregation and every superior putted in jail and some of them were intern for several years afterword. In the end of the period I am referring about was in our monastic home Žernůvka intern our bishop of Brno, Josef Skoupý. Our sisters had taken pains to prepare the best terms. During the period of Prague spring in 1968 year followed partial reopening activity, establishing of several new filial homes, joining a new members of community. The end of it came with arrival of armed forces of Varšava contract, and then followed regress to situation resembling that before 1968 year.